活用手上的VMware Workstation...－有「模」有樣

最近常常遇到一些光怪陸離的事情，有些東西實在不能在實際的production環境下測試。

因為測試如果一出差錯，導致系統連不上的話，部門電話就會被call爆。然後就會被叫進去主管Office夾卵蛋...

為了不想讓上述事情發生，所以就使用一下這近幾年來，非常火熱的虛擬機器。

虛擬機器到底是啥??麻煩請至google查詢，會讓虛擬機器到底是啥的解答更為明瞭。

常見的虛擬機器有Sun Microsystems VirtualBox (現在改為Oracle負責開發) and VMware Workstation and Play

在此次的教學裡，我所使用的是VMware Workstation 8 (之前考過VCP5就會送一套workstaion8了,現在應該換9了)

首先：

1、做虛擬系統之前，先想好自己想要做(或者是測試)的系統是什麼。

舉例來說，我最常做的就是弄個簡中系統winXP 32bit、win2008 R2、Redhat

來測試一下新開發的ap能不能run,能不能正確的傳送資料...等。

2、底層硬體及OS環境，通常都是windows的系統。

再來就是硬體的環境，建議使用intel的CPU，因為不是太爛的CPU通常都有HT(Hyper-Threading)功能

記憶體、硬碟當然是愈"大"愈"快"愈好...(虛擬化很吃I/O的，HD不快，會跑到很想死)

目前我的測試環境架構為(筆電 TP-x201i)：

windows 7 64bit , intel i3-M370 , 8G DDR3 ram , 256G SSD

本次測試的環境為搭建兩台VMware ESXi Server and 一台win 2008 R2

網路的部份透過兩張Workstation vNIC 來做調整。

首先，開啟workstation後，點選Edit -> Virtual Network Editor...

點選之後會看到兩張卡，通常安裝完畢後，Workstation就會安裝兩張虛擬網卡在系統上

在此要調整的為VMnet1、VMnet8這兩張vNIC

VMnet1 設定為 Server專用網段 Type set "Host-only"，DHCP set "Disabled"

VMnet8 設定為一般使用網段 Type set "NAT"，DHCP set "Enabled"

由於還有不少人不曉得Bridged、NAT、Host-only這三個的不同差別

Comparison of the network types
Type	Bridged	NAT (Network Address Translation)	Host-only
Description	The VM appears as if it was a physical host on the network.	The VM hides behind the IP address of the VMware host. Other VMs in the same NAT network can access it directly.	The VM can only access the VMware host and other VMs in the same host-only network
IP address	The VM requires it's own IP address from the network it is supposed to belong to.	The VM can have any private IP configured on the VMware host.
Accessibility from network	Same as a physical host	Hides behind NAT, so port forwarding on the VMware host required if external access required	Not accessible from external network unless routed via another VM with access to both external network and the same host-only network
Use cases	An always-on server hosted on VMware, or a virtual router or firewall	VMs intended for testing, or cases when the amount of IP addresses in the external network is limited.	VMs intended for testing with no need to access the network, or VMs which will be protected by a firewall in another VM.
Other	Known to have problems with some wireless chipsets especially with Linux, also with Windows Vista.	NAT is really a host-only network with a default gateway (on the VMware host) that routes and NATs.